Whatever the explanation, such accidents (assuming it wasn't some sort of protest game) are worthy of note and a comfort to the amateur's soul: we're all fallible - very fallible.
Click here for the horror.
JaiDeepBlue comments on my Cifuentes-Zvjaginsev post:
A great game with a queen sacrfice and a king-hunt, if I remember. It was adjudged the "Best Game" in the Informator of that period.
Blogmaster, perhaps you can analyze why talents like Zvjaginsev do not make it to the super-elite.
At last, an easy question! Here's the answer - pick one or more of the following:
1. He's less talented than those players.
2. He hasn't worked as hard as those players on one or more aspects of his game.
3. He hasn't had the opportunities they have.
4. His competitive character isn't as well-developed.
I know this is a rather flippant answer, but I don't think the situation is any different than why one high school student becomes a 1900 while his best friend only makes it to 1750.
Maybe I'm misunderstanding your question, though. Maybe you're asking this:
Zvjaginsev had an enormous rating as a teenager - he hit 2600 just before his 19th birthday - so why didn't he keep pace with those in the super-GM category?
I have two answers.
First, I think 1-4 above still apply. Some people reach their maximum potential (or at least a plateau extremely difficult to transcend) sooner than others: getting to 2600 first doesn't guarantee getting to 2700 first! (As they say, past performance is no guarantee of future results.)
Second, Zvjaginsev didn't fail to keep pace with those in the super-GM category, because (generally speaking) he wasn't even with them in the first place. His mark is 2600 at 19; let's compare this with the world's current top 10.
Kasparov: He comes from a different era, of course, but even so: his first rating as a 19-year old (in 1982) was 2675, which put him at #2 in the world.
Topalov: 2640 (1994).
Anand: 2555 (1988) - but he had almost no opportunity to play outside of India until the year after.
Svidler: 2635 (1995).
Aronian: 2562 (2001).
Kramnik: 2725 (1994).
Leko: 2668 (1998).
Ivanchuk: 2625 (1988).
Gelfand: 2510 (1987) - but with few opportunities to play outside the Soviet Union, which artificially deflated his rating.
Ponomariov: 2743 (2002).
Thus with the exception of Levon Aronian and two players with artificially low ratings, Zvjaginsev's mark of 2600 at 19, while extremely impressive, lags behind his colleagues at the top of the food chain. It's not a big deficit - 34 points if we count everyone; 59 if we exclude Anand and Gelfand - but add those points to Zvjaginsev's current rating and he's right up there (2698 or 2723).
I don't know if I've answered your question, but I tried! If I missed, please write in and set me straight, and we'll do it all over again.
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Paaneater writes, via email:
Dennis,
Sorry to trouble you with this. Hope you remember me. I was the one who sent the QGD game of a ten year old boy (my son) from India. He seems to have a problem these days. His chess has definitely improved. But he seems to have a peculiar problem. He plays lots of good moves and outplays the opponent (much higher rated) and then makes a couple medium sized inaccuracies. Seeing his advantage slipping away, he makes a blunder and loses the game.
I thought it is a good topic to address in your blog and it would be of immense use to me. [snip] Regards,
[paaneater]
I do remember you and your son (or rather, his very impressive chess) - how could I not?
To be honest, the list of problems I've suffered from in my chess career hasn't included this one, so I can't tell you what I've done to overcome it. What I might be able to do is figure out why I haven't had the problem in the first place, and maybe help in that way. A second way I might be of help is to subsume your son's problem under a more general heading which includes problems I have "enjoyed", and advise on that basis.
Let's start with the first. When I'm playing a peer (or better) and believe I've let an advantage slip away, one of the first things I'll consider is if I can at least draw the game. If I've determined that I can, I'll then consider if I can play on without undue risk. That helps me to calm down, knowing there's at least a draw to be had, and helps me to be objective. Maybe if I play the position out, I'll get outplayed by a stronger opponent, but I won't lose on an emotionally-based blunder.
Turning to the second approach, this seems to fall under the general category of emotionalism. When I've been overly excited about something going on at the board - whether it's suddenly having chances when everything had been going poorly, or having the chance to win a big game or upset a strong player, or having survived a time scramble, or (on the negative side) having blown a good position - I've tried to consciously stop the flood of emotion from carrying me away. I'll get up from the board, take a walk, take some deep breaths to relax, think about something positive - anything to clear my mind, feel more positive, and be able to return to the board ready to fight and approach the position with some degree of objectivity.
These aren't all my thoughts on the topic, but I hope it's enough to be helpful. To recap and summarize: (1) leave the board to calm down, (2) decide if there's at least a draw to be had, and from this relaxed, confident, objective perspective, (3) figure out what to do next.
Let me know if this helps!
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Commenting on this week's ChessBase show's game, Cifuentes-Zvjaginsev, Umesh writes
This is a wonderful game. Check out another fabulous game he played with Malakov.
Indeed it is - certainly Zvjaginsev's closing attack is a thing of beauty, and you can replay it here.
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From Chess Today (issue 1905):
[The] Russian website www.russiachess.com reported that at the meeting of the Kalmyk Chess Federation on 20 January 2006, Kirsan Ilyumzhinov announced the match between Veselin Topalov and Vladimir Kramnik. The match should take place in September 2006 in Elista. Strangely, there is no information about this statement on the FIDE website. This wouldn’t be the first time the FIDE President makes a sensational statement, which does not hold later, so let's just wait and see...
Could it be? What about Topalov's objections and Kramnik's health? At this point, the safer bet is that it won't happen (assuming this isn't just a rumor started on a prank), but we'll keep you posted.
There's more than one way, of course. Not showing up for class is an excellent approach, and not bothering to study for exams is another. Another promising strategy is to avoid any and all written work, but in this post, I'll mention that old stand-by: plagiarism.
There are more or less subtle ways to plagiarize. For instance, paraphrasing an author's words, even while citing that author, is verboten. Either give the author's exact words, slap quotation marks around them and give proper credit, or write the whole thing in your own words - and still give credit to your source for the idea.
When it comes to plagiarizing, though, if you really want to guarantee an F, just rip off the writer's words verbatim (maybe with a trivial cosmetic change or two) and "forget" to give credit. Here's a blueprint:
ORIGINALAfter 3 of 11 rounds, the tournament is looking like a great one, with lots of lively, fighting games. Among the interesting stories so far are Kramnik's first round loss to Svidler, Zvjaginsev's round 2 win utilizing 2.Na3!? against the Sicilian, and Morozevich's forfeit loss in round three due to oversleeping(!!).As I said, many of the games so far have been really exciting...
THEFT
After three of 11 rounds, the tournament is looking like a great one, with lots of lively, fighting games. Among the interesting stories so far besides Kramnik's first round loss to Svidler, is Morozevich's forfeit loss in round three, due to oversleeping(!!), and Zvjaginsev's Round Two win utilizing 2.Na3!? Against the Sicilian. Many of the games so far have been really exciting...
A student engaged in such blatant academic dishonesty would receive a guaranteed F (and not just any F, but a zero) on at least the relevant assignment. Such dishonesty is generally easy to catch and to punish in the academic context; in the world of chess journalism, however, it's not so easy.
The original quote, given above, is from this blog, from my first update on the Russian Championship Superfinal. The second quote comes from a recent issue of the Chess Chronicle (page 7). Despite the fact that the material on my blog is copyrighted (see the blog's header) and, even more to the point, the material stolen isn't even of any real interest, the "writer" took it anyway. I'm rather at a loss to understand the point. [Note: There isn't anything wrong with taking information from my or other copyrighted sites - up to a point. It's that there are right ways and wrong ways to do so, and this is a clear case of the latter.]
I'm not alone in having my work lifted, nor is this the only bit of lifting from my blog, apparently - see here for more details. It's probably not worth pursuing further, but I hope my readers will avoid patronizing the Chess Chronicle until they apologize and/or can the plagiarist. A pity, really, as it's an otherwise interesting addition to the world of chess publishing.
[Hat tip: Brian Karen]
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Neon Qwerty writes, by email:
Hey Dennis!
[snip]
I also have a trivial question re: computer chess and faulty engine evaluations. Everyone agrees that computers will often evaluate a side as winning when a human can intuitively tell that it's a dead draw. The question is: what is the most [egregious] evaluation that a computer can give a drawing position? Two pawns up? Three? A rook?
Just wondering and thought that you might know,
Alan.
Alan,
That's a fun question, though one difficulty in answering is that new engines are coming out all the time and this is a problem programmers regularly work on. So the answer is that I don't know, but as an opening bid I offer the following position:

White is up two rooks and a bishop, but although the position is hopelessly drawn, most of my software programs don't get it.
Shredder 9 wins the palm on this one, awarding White only a very modest .35 edge (at depth 37), which perhaps reflects the abstract possibility that White could put a rook en prise and Black mistakenly capture it.
Fritz 9: White has a 4.5 pawn advantage.
Rybka 1.0, 32-bit: White +12.95.
Fruit 2.2.1: White +12.96.
Junior 9: White +15.61
Hiarcs 9: White +16.56!
Not a proud display for computerdom, but Shredder 9 shows that it's possible to write code for this. In any case, readers are invited to top this example, and to find situations Shredder doesn't handle as well.
Endeavoring to catch up a bit on the events of the last week or so, I'll start now with comments on the blog.
First, thanks to those of you who wrote in to express your best wishes re my cold/flu/whatever. I'm not yet 100%, but I'm loads better than I was on Monday and Tuesday.
Second, I've posted comments on the two previous posts and attempted to do likewise with this one (A Study in Defense: Solved) as well. Unfortunately, it wouldn't post, and my attempts to fix it made it worse. Perhaps that's for the best; in any case, here's what I wanted to say:
This post has received some very surprising comments!
MM: What page of Marin's book are you claiming this is on? Is this a non-English edition? There is one Capa-Alekhine game fragment in my copy, but it's not this game.
SBB: I'm not sure why you initially thought Black was supposed to win. (Not that you shouldn't look for the best result you can possibly get out of any position, of course!) In the initial post, I wrote that White has "a nice, nagging edge", not that he merely seemed to. I'm not trying to trick you with what I write!
Chris and SBB: As the anonymous commenter correctly wrote, 17...Nd5 18.Bxd8 Rfxd8 19.Nxd5 Bxd5 20.Rfd1 doesn't win anything, as Black can simply move the Rd8 off the d-file, rendering e4 a blank shot.
It's likely that all of us have experienced plateaus while learning. We make good progress for a while, and then one day (or rather, one month, one year...) we're just stuck. If so, don't give up:
Our brain is not cut out for nonlinearities. People think that if, say, two variables are causally linked, then a steady input in one variable should always yield a result in the other one. Our emotional apparatus is designed for linear causality. For instance, you study every day and learn something in proportion to your studies. If you do not feel that you are going anywhere, your emotions will cause you to become demoralized. But reality rarely gives us the privilege of a satisfying linear positive progression: You may study for a year and learn nothing, then, unless you are disheartened by the empty results and give up, something will come to you in a flash. My partner Mark Spitznagel summarizes it as follows: Imagine yourself practicing the piano every day for a long time, barely being able to perform "Chopsticks," then suddenly finding yourself capable of playing Rachmaninov. Owing to this nonlinearity, people cannot comprehend the nature of the rare event. This summarizes why there are routes to success that are nonrandom, but few, very few, people have the mental stamina to follow them. Those who go the extra mile are rewarded....Most people give up before the rewards. (Nassim Nicholas Taleb, Fooled by Randomness, 2nd ed. (New York: Random House, 2004), 179.)
That's a generic account; here's a case study:
Let's start from the beginning: you had a good first year in chess school when you were 8 years old. Did you continue your tournament success at the same pace?
No I didn't. I made the first few norms quite easily because I already had some experience in chess from playing with my mother; but afterwards I was stuck, and didn't make the second category norm as quickly. I believe it took me a few years. Then, one summer when I was at the Estonian camp, I played in a camp tournament and won it very easily. I felt like I had jumped to another level.
How old were you?
I don't remember exactly-maybe around eleven or twelve years old. (Jaan Ehlvest, The Story of a Chess Player (Ehlvest Chess Gates, 2004), 39.)
Just think: a player who made the top five might have given up as a 10-year old has-been! There is, no doubt, a distinction between the plateaus of the youngster and the newbie, on the one hand, and that of the mature player on the other. But until we've gone that extra mile, how will we know which plateau we've reached?

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In the FIDE World Championships in San Luis last year, the game Kasimjanov-Anand (round 4) started as follows
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be3 Ng4 7.Bg5 h6 8.Bh4 g5 9.Bg3 Bg7 10.h3 Ne5 11.Nf5 Bxf5 12.exf5 Nbc6 13.Nd5 e6 14.fxe6 fxe6 15.Ne3 O-O 16.Be2 Qe7 17.O-O Rad8

And now, I bring you Mr. Kasimjanov, courtesy of New in Chess 2005/8:
Now we've come to the position that I had studied in serious depth together with Darmen Sadvakasov and Daniel Fridman, who helped me in my preparation for this world championship. At some point Sadvakasov set up this position and said: 'This is an important position. It's important for the whole evaluation of the plan with 11.Nf5 after 6...Ng4.' To me it looked like a lost position for Black. White has two bishops, a better king and a better structure. But he insisted that things were very tricky and that once the knight moves to f4 (via g6), as happened in the game Dolmatov-Sakaev, Aeroflot Open 2003, things are completely unclear. For days and days we analyzed this position and we tried all kinds of ideas. I tried c3, Bd3, Bb1, Qc2 and mate, but it doesn't work quite so easily. I tried to play positionally with Re1, Bf1 and c4, but nothing was working - which was amazing given White's trumps. The black knight would come to f4, the other one to e5, he'd play ...b5 and ...Qb7, and suddenly I was under pressure with White!
And then there were some training games against Grischuk played on ICC - three-minute games. (Maybe they should be studied better. I have played quite a number of theoretically important games on ICC in the last few months, but who cares, who would watch them?) Well, actually Fridman played 'with my very close obsrevance'. I played c3, Bd3, Bb1 and then there came ...d5, ...d4, and he crushed me on the d-file. Then I was wondering if maybe the pawn should stay on f5, so that the knight cannot go to g6 and f4. An interesting idea, but Grischuk played ...Qe7, ...Rad8, and then when at some point I took on e6, he took back with the queen! And then the d-pawn and the f-pawn started rolling, and once again he tore me apart. Then, having finished this match we looked at each other and asked ourselves the question: what if the knight never gets to g6? We played the bishop to h5, and it was immediately clear to me that this was the refutation of the whole set-up. [Page 53]
18.Bh5!
A serious improvement compared to the Dolmatov-Sakaev game. Black has no useful moves. After executing this move I looked at Vishy and I knew that he was lost. He has a good sense of danger and after 18.Bh5 he knew that the danger had arrived. Black has no counterplay at all. [Page 54]
(To replay the game - and Dolmatov-Sakaev - with my quick, reasonably accurate but not particularly perspicacious commentary, done during the event, click here.)
I find this account extremely interesting on several levels.
First, his novelty, contrary to what one might be inclined to think about GM preparation, wasn't the product of switching on the computer and awaiting and interacting with its results. (That said, Fritz 9 has it at #1 or #2 just about immediately, and after all other normal moves Black's reply is 18...Ng6; Shredder 9 is less hip to the ...Ng6 idea, but it too is immediately fond of 18.Bh5. Yet neither program evaluates it as meaningfully better than 18.Re1 - if better at all - and until one realizes the power of ...Ng6-f4, it's far from obvious that Kasimjanov's move is anything special.)
Second, the sense that a position is somehow important is one that gets developed over time and is, I think, more prominent in stronger players. It took them a long time to sniff out the right approach, but Sadvakasov's original intuition was right.
Third, their great strength and insightful intuition notwithstanding, they didn't just find the right move immediately. Thus we too should be patient in our own searchings, and should also realize that GMs have to figure things out, just like the rest of us.
Fourth, this flash of insight confirms what researchers into human creativity have long known: these "aha!" moments aren't generally picked out of the air, as if by magic, but result from one steeping oneself in the ins and outs of a given problem. They knew where to look, they tried various approaches, and only then did the answer "suddenly" appear.
In short, you're much more likely to be creative if you work hard first!

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Some time ago I ran my own little comparison of Fritz 9 and my previous favorite, Shredder 9; now Kevin Solcich has thoughtfully written in to share the results of his test of Fritz 9 against the brand-new Hiarcs 10. My comments are interspersed.
Dear Dennis,
I thought I'd contact you directly as I wasn't allowed by the system to comment on your 11/17/05 post.
[DM: The default deadline for comments is within 7 days of a post's publication; understandably, as readers are less and less likely to scan (now much) older posts for comments. I'm glad you persevered and used the contact link!]
In that post you gave four positions for Fritz 9 and Shredder 9 to analyze. You concluded that F9 was ultimately a little better.
[DM: True, but a little misleading. If one has to choose between the two engines, F9 seemed to me superior, but it would be more accurate to summarize view with these three comments:
1. F9 solves deep tactics more quickly than S9. 2. S9 finds subtle positional ideas more quickly than F9. 3. F9's speed advantage in tactics exceeds S9's speed advantage in positional play.]
I did the same thing today with F9 and the just released Hiarcs 10. My computer is very similar to yours. I have to give the verdict to F9 as well. It was a tiny bit faster (actually a good bit more then that in position one) in all four positions. Although I think I'd have to say that H10 worked out all the details a little bit quicker in position four.
I think I am a little sad that I spent my money on H10. As you wrote in your original post, this sort of test isn't conclusive but it at least made me wonder whether the average club or non-professional player (myself) really should have much use for more then one of these ultra-strong programs.
[DM: I think that depends on what you want to do with the software. If you use it for analysis, whether of GM games, your completed OTB and online blitz games, or (legally, I hope) in correspondence/email chess, then it's worth considering a second engine. Unless you're at least 1800-2000, though, that's probably not all that important.]
I hope my report was of some small interest to you. Keep up the good work.
[DM: Indeed it was! Thoughtful questions and contributions from my readers are welcomed, and I appreciate your taking the time to write.]
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In his introductory comments to his game with GM Mark Tseitlin from the Katerini tournament in 1992, Jaan Ehlvest writes this:
In our game he went to exchange all the pieces to achieve a pawn endgame he thought was winning for White. His happy mood was cruelly ended. After such an episode, grandmaster and doctor of philology Robert Huebner once said something like "chess is terrible; it is better to be dead..."
--Jaan Ehlvest, The Story of a Chess Player (Ehlvest Chess Gates, 2004), p. 181.
Have a nice day...
In a much earlier post, I suggested that while true bad luck was is rare at best, good luck does occur. (The salient point was that our "accidents" were under our control, but the gifts our opponents give us often occur without our prompting.)
Whatever one thinks about the above, there are other ways to think about luck we can employ to supplement our understanding of the topic. Take, for example, the following quote:
We must believe in luck. For how else can we explain the success of those we don't like?
-Jean Cocteau, cited in Jaan Ehlvest, The Story of a Chess Player (Ehlvest Chess Gates, 2004), p. 76.
The quote is good for a chuckle, but the underlying sentiment is best expunged from our psyche. It's bad for our character, obviously enough, but it's even impractical: we're not going to improve by worrying about someone else's talent and past opportunities. As the Stoics and the Serenity Prayer both suggest, we should figure out what we can change, and then get to it!
Chess fans tend not to like draws, especially when they're short. I have no problem with draws when they result from a real game, but while I too am disappointed by short draws in elite GM tournaments, I believe that attempts to ban them have limited efficacy - a point I've made on my blog before.
Here's the latest bit of anecdotal confirmation, courtesy of Jaan Ehlvest's autobiographical The Story of a Chess Player (Ehlvest Chess Gates, 2004), 174-5:
I was invited to play in the prestigious Linares Tournament only once. After that I was probably put on organizer Luis Rentero's infamous "black list". In 1991 my rating was clearly in the top 10 in the world, and I was annoyed about the low appearance fee offered by Rentero. My anger didn't help me - in the first round, I lost from a very promising position to Anatoly Karpov; and in the second I took too many risks against Beliavsky, playing the King's Indian as black. After that I made a prearranged draw with Mikhail Gurevich. The contract with the organizer forbid draws before move 40, so we had to pretend a little bit more.
Here's a possible counter-argument: a longer game, even if not only the result but every single move is prearranged, still gives chess fans more to chew on. If the fans benefit, the organizers benefit and if the organizers benefit, so do the players - everyone wins.
Here's the game, in case you're curious. Did they do a good job?
Linares 1991, Round 3 [White "Ehlvest, Jaan"] [Black "Gurevich, Mikhail"] [Result "1/2-1/2"] [ECO "C11"] [WhiteElo "2650"] [BlackElo "2650"]
1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. f4 c5 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. Be3 cxd4 8. Nxd4 Bc5 9. Qd2 Nxd4 10. Bxd4 Bxd4 11. Qxd4 Qb6 12. Qxb6 Nxb6 13. Nb5 Ke7 14. Kd2 Bd7 15. Nd4 Na4 16. b3 Nc5 17. Bd3 g6 18. a4 a5 19. Raf1 h5 20. g3 Rag8 21. h4 Rc8 22. Ra1 Rc7 23. Rhb1 Ra8 24. Ra3 Be8 25. c3 Bd7 26. Bc2 Rcc8 27. Rba1 Na6 28. Nb5 b6 29. Nd6 Rc7 30. Rb1 Nc5 31. b4 axb4 32. Rxb4 Ra6 33. Ra1 Rca7 34.Rab1 Nxa4 35. Bxa4 Rxa4 36. Rxb6 Ra2+ 37. R1b2 Rxb2+ 38. Rxb2 Rc7 39.Rb7 Rxb7 40. Nxb7 Bc6 41. Nd6 Bd7 42. Ke3 Bc6 43. Kd4 Bd7 44. Kc5 Ba4 45. Nc8+ Kd8 46.Nb6 Bc2 47. Kd6 Bd3 48. Nd7 Bc2 49. Nf6 Bf5 1/2-1/2
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